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当前位置：工程学研究 > 2026年 5卷 (3)期

Open Access Article

Journal of Engineering Research. 2026; 5: (3) ; 77-88 ; DOI: 10.12208/j.jer.20260043.

Numerical simulation on thermal runaway and explosion-proof enclosure response of mine lithium-ion battery
矿用锂离子电池热失控与防爆外壳响应的数值模拟研究

作者： 胡而已¹ *, 靳舒凯¹, 曾国伟², 李猛钢³

1应急管理部信息研究院北京

2武汉科技大学冶金工业过程系统科学湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉

3中国矿业大学机电工程学院江苏徐州

*通讯作者：胡而已,单位：应急管理部信息研究院北京；

国家自然科学基金项目（项目编号：52274159）

发布时间: 2026-07-22 总浏览量: 19

PDF 全文下载引用本文

摘要

锂离子电池在煤矿高温、高压及冲击环境下易发生热失控，存在严重安全隐患。为提升矿用机器人动力电池模组在极端工况下的防护性能，评估外壳在爆炸压力与热应力作用下的结构稳定性与热响应性能，利用 COMSOL软件设计构建一种矿用锂电池钢制防爆外壳，开展多物理场耦合计算，进一步在模型基础上添加锂离子电芯，分析电芯个数与位置对于热失控扩展的影响规律。仿真结果表明，爆炸冲击载荷下，采用690级结构钢的防爆外壳具备优异的承载性能，整体应力分布均匀，变形量控制在安全范围内，能够有效保障电池模组的结构完整性与运行安全性；热失控状态下，电芯位置对热传播速度与范围有显著影响，中心电芯热失控更易触发连锁反应，风险最高。该研究成果为矿用机器人锂离子电池模组在复杂工况下的安全防护提供了可靠的工程依据，并为后续电池模组的系统化优化与安全设计奠定了基础。

关键词： 锂离子电池；防爆壳体；COMSOL仿真；热－结构耦合；热失控

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are prone to thermal runaway under high-temperature, high-pressure, and impact conditions in coal mining environments, posing severe safety hazards. To enhance the protective performance of power battery modules for mining robots under extreme working conditions, and to evaluate the structural stability and thermal response of enclosures under explosion pressure and thermal stress, a steel explosion-proof enclosure for mining lithium-ion batteries was designed and constructed using COMSOL software. Multi-physics coupling calculations were conducted, and based on the model, lithium-ion battery cells were incorporated to analyze the influence of cell quantity and positioning on thermal runaway propagation. Simulation results demonstrate that under explosion impact loading, the explosion-proof enclosure constructed from Grade 690 structural steel exhibits excellent load-bearing capacity, with uniform overall stress distribution and deformation controlled within safe limits, effectively ensuring the structural integrity and operational safety of the battery module. Under thermal runaway conditions, cell position significantly affects thermal propagation speed and scope; central cells are more likely to trigger chain reactions during thermal runaway, presenting the highest risk. These research findings provide reliable engineering foundations for the safety protection of lithium-ion battery modules in mining robots under complex working conditions, and lay the groundwork for systematic optimization and safety design of subsequent battery modules.

Key words： 】Lithium-ion battery; Explosion-proof shell; COMSOL simulation; Thermal-structural coupling; Thermal runaway

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引用本文

胡而已, 靳舒凯, 曾国伟, 李猛钢, 矿用锂离子电池热失控与防爆外壳响应的数值模拟研究[J]. 工程学研究, 2026; 5: (3) : 77-88.

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