Research on the application of safety inspection technology for building curtain walls
建筑幕墙安全检测技术的应用研究

摘要

在现代建筑的外立面设计中，玻璃幕墙应用越来越普遍，主要因其节能、环保，尤其在提升建筑美学方面有巨大的价值，国内外早已成为主流外墙立面的选择之一。然而随着时间推移，玻璃幕墙不可避免地由于材料老化、施工缺陷以及长期暴露在复杂气候条件下，这些建筑外围护结构逐渐暴露出各类现实的安全问题——玻璃幕墙结构的安全隐患包含结构胶老化开裂失效、密封性能退化引发的渗漏，以及更加危险的钢化玻璃开裂自爆、面板松动脱落等突发险情，此类安全隐患随着建筑使用年限的到来，已经不容忽视。正因如此，各地对既有建筑幕墙开展系统性安全检测的需求显得尤为紧迫。以浙江省为例，当地管理部门出具的相关办法明确要求：当幕墙出现面板变形、连接构件松动或爆裂，或者部分建筑幕墙虽超设计年限仍需继续使用时，相关建筑的业主必须定期委托具备资质的检测鉴定机构进行安全性鉴定。科学且合理的检测技术不仅是排查风险的手段，更能为后续维护决策提供依据，延长幕墙实际使用寿命。

Abstract

In the design of modern building facades, glass curtain walls are becoming increasingly prevalent, primarily due to their energy efficiency and environmental frieess, as well as their immense value in enhancing architectural aesthetics; they have long been a mainstream choice for exterior facades both domestically and internationally. However, over time, these building envelope structureably exhibit various practical safety issues due to material aging, construction defects, and prolonged exposure to complex climatic conditions. The safety hazards associated with glass curtain wall structures include the aginracking, and failure of structural adhesives, degradation of sealing performance leading to leakage, and more perilous sudden incidents such as tempered glass cracking and spontaneous explosion, as well as looslling panels. As buildings age, these safety hazards can no longer be ignored. Consequently, the need for systematic safety inspections of existing building curtain walls has become particularly urgent in various regns. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, relevant regulations issued by local management authorities explicitly require that when curtain walls exhibit panel deformation, loose or cracked connection components, or when the curtain wall exceed their design service life but must continue to be used, the owners of the relevant buildings must regularly commission qualified inspection and appraisal agencies to conduct safety appraisals. Scd reasonable inspection technologies serve not only as a means to identify risks but also provide a basis for subsequent maintenance decisions, thereby extending the actual service life of curtain walls.