Research on damage and repair technology of bridge rubber bearings
桥梁橡胶支座损坏与维修技术研究

摘要

公路桥梁的橡胶支座作为连接上部结构与下部结构的纽带，承担着传递荷载、适应变形的关键功能，其工作状态直接影响桥梁结构的安全性与耐久性。本文通过实地检测与分析，探讨桥梁橡胶支座常见的损坏类型及产生原因、维修方案，包括局部处理、支座更换等，并结合工程实例验证技术应用效果。研究结果表明，橡胶支座损坏与材料老化、荷载超限、安装偏差、环境侵蚀等多因素相关，科学选择维修技术并严格控制施工质量，可有效恢复支座功能，延长桥梁使用寿命，为桥梁养护工程提供技术参考。

Abstract

Rubber bearings of highway Bridges, as the link between the superstructure and the substructure, undertake the key functions of load transmission and deformation adaptation. Their working condition directly affects the safety and durability of the bridge structure. This article, through on-site detection and analysis, explores the common types of damage to bridge rubber bearings, their causes, and maintenance plans, including local treatment and bearing replacement, and verifies the application effect of the technology with engineering examples. The research results show that the damage of rubber bearings is related to multiple factors such as material aging, overload, installation deviation, and environmental erosion. Scientific selection of maintenance techniques and strict control of construction quality can effectively restore the function of the bearings, extend the service life of the bridge, and provide technical references for bridge maintenance projects.