Analysis of the influence of development characteristics of concealed karst soil caves on the sensitivity of surface collapse
隐伏岩溶土洞发育特征对地表塌陷敏感性的影响分析

摘要

隐伏岩溶土洞的发育特征是影响地表塌陷发生机制与敏感性分布的重要因素。通过对岩溶土洞空间形态、规模组合及分布规律的研究，可以揭示其对地表塌陷触发条件和发展趋势的作用机理。分析表明，土洞规模的扩大和连通性的增强会显著提高地表塌陷的敏感性，而土体结构与地下水动力条件则是关键调控因子。进一步结合典型案例与监测数据，对比不同岩溶地段的塌陷特征，可以发现土洞发育程度越复杂，塌陷风险越集中且不可预测性越高。准确识别隐伏岩溶土洞的发育特征，并建立敏感性评价体系，对于地质灾害防控与工程建设选址具有重要的现实意义。

Abstract

The development characteristics of concealed karst soil caves are important factors affecting the occurrence mechanism and sensitivity distribution of surface collapse. By studying the spatial morphology, scale combination and distribution law of karst soil caves, the mechanism of their influence on the triggering conditions and development trends of surface collapse can be revealed. The analysis shows that the expansion of soil cave scale and the enhancement of connectivity will significantly increase the sensitivity of surface collapse, while the soil structure and groundwater dynamic conditions are the key regulatory factors. Further combining typical cases and monitoring data, and comparing the collapse characteristics of different karst areas, it can be found that the more complex the development degree of soil caves, the more concentrated the collapse risk and the higher the unpredictability. Accurately identifying the development characteristics of concealed karst soil caves and establishing a sensitivity evaluation system have important practical significance for geological disaster prevention and control and site selection for engineering construction.