Multi-objective aerodynamic shape optimization design of vertical axis fan blade in low wind speed area
低风速地区垂直轴风机叶片气动外形多目标优化设计

摘要

低风速地区风能资源丰富但风力利用效率低，垂直轴风机在小风速环境下表现出较高的适应性。针对叶片气动外形对风机性能的影响，本文提出多目标优化设计方法，通过调整叶片弦长、扭转角和升力系数分布，实现功率系数和启动性能的协同提升。基于数值仿真与优化算法结合的策略，对比分析了不同设计方案的气动特性与性能表现。结果表明，多目标优化显著改善低风速下垂直轴风机的输出功率和启动响应，为小风速风能利用提供有效设计路径。

Abstract

Low-wind-speed regions are abundant in wind energy resources but suffer from low utilization efficiency, where vertical-axis wind turbines demonstrate superior adaptability in light wind conditions. This study proposes a multi-objective optimization design method to enhance turbine performance by adjusting blade chord length, twist angle, and lift coefficient distribution, thereby achieving coordinated improvements in power coefficient and startup efficiency. Through a strategy combining numerical simulation and optimization algorithms, aerodynamic characteristics and performance of different design schemes were systematically compared.
Results indicate that the multi-objective optimization significantly improves output power and startup responsiveness of vertical-axis turbines under low wind speeds, providing an effective design approach for small-wind energy utilization.