Research on key factors for improving mass transfer efficiency of tray distillation equipment
塔式蒸馏设备传质效率提升的关键因素研究

摘要

塔式蒸馏设备作为重要的分离技术，广泛应用于化工、石油、环保等领域。传统塔式蒸馏设备在操作过程中，传质效率受到多方面因素的影响，限制了其能源利用效率和分离效果。本文从传质过程的基本原理出发，探讨了提升塔式蒸馏设备传质效率的关键因素，包括气液接触面积、操作压力、温度、液体流速等参数的优化，结合现代新型填料和塔板的应用，进一步提升塔内流体动力学性能。此还分析了多相流动对传质效率的影响，提出了基于数值模拟和实验研究的优化路径。通过这些措施，可以显著提高塔式蒸馏设备的传质效率，降低能耗，提高生产经济效益。

Abstract

As an important separation technology, tray distillation equipment is widely used in chemical engineering, petroleum, environmental protection and other fields. In the operation of traditional tray distillation equipment, the mass transfer efficiency is affected by multiple factors, which limits its energy utilization efficiency and separation effect. Starting from the basic principles of the mass transfer process, this paper discusses the key factors for improving the mass transfer efficiency of tray distillation equipment, including the optimization of parameters such as gas-liquid contact area, operating pressure, temperature, and liquid flow rate. Combined with the application of modern new packings and trays, the hydrodynamic performance inside the tower is further improved. Additionally, the influence of multiphase flow on mass transfer efficiency is analyzed, and an optimization path based on numerical simulation and experimental research is proposed. Through these measures, the mass transfer efficiency of tray distillation equipment can be significantly improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and production economic benefits can be enhanced.