摘要
深部矿井开采中岩层控制技术的应用对于保障矿山安全、提高资源回收率具有重要意义。本文主要探讨了在复杂地质条件下，如何通过优化岩层控制技术来提升深部矿井的开采效率与安全性。首先分析了当前深部矿井开采面临的挑战，如高地应力、复杂的地质结构等；接着详细讨论了几种先进的岩层控制技术及其应用实例，包括锚杆支护技术、预应力锚索技术以及新型充填材料的应用；然后评估了这些技术在实际操作中的效果，强调了技术创新和适应性调整的重要性；最后指出了未来研究方向。合理的岩层控制策略能够显著改善工作环境，减少安全事故，同时提升经济效益。
关键词： 深部矿井开采；岩层控制技术；高地应力；锚杆支护；预应力锚索
Abstract
The application of rock strata control technology in deep mine mining is of great significance for ensuring mine safety and improving resource recovery rate. This paper mainly explores how to improve the mining efficiency and safety of deep mines through optimizing the rock strata control technology under complex geological conditions. Firstly, it analyzes the challenges faced by current deep mine mining, such as high ground stress, complex geological structures, etc.; then it discusses in detail several advanced rock strata control technologies and their application examples, including the application of bolt support technology, prestressed anchor cable technology, and new filling materials; next, it evaluates the effects of these technologies in actual operation and emphasizes the importance of technological innovation and adaptive adjustment; finally, it points out the future research directions. A reasonable rock strata control strategy can significantly improve the working environment, reduce safety accidents, and at the same time enhance economic benefits.
Key words： Deep mine mining; Rock strata control technology; High ground stress; Bolt support; Prestressed anchor cable
参考文献 References
[1] 杨明,邓辉,蒋亚伟,等.深部矿井高应力巷道隔热材料的研制与性能研究[J/OL].安全与环境学报,1-15[2025-03-22].
[2] 於昌峰,姜春露,吴云.基于正向—反向高压注水试验的深部矿井断层阻水性特征研究[J].金属矿山,2025,(02): 131-137.
[3] 王庆超,冉广,方波.深部复杂矿井通风系统优化数值模拟研究[J].内蒙古煤炭经济,2024,(21):79-81.
[4] 邵龙.深部冲击矿井“三位一体”防冲支护体系研究[J].西部探矿工程,2024,36(10):135-137.
[5] 刘琪,苏伟,张瑞瑛,等.深部矿井煤炭-地热协同开采系统研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2024,52(03):87-94.
[6] 徐宇.深热矿井地热开采调控井下热环境作用机制研究[D].中南大学,2023.
[7] 丁湘,闫鑫,李哲,等.基于沉积控压规律的鄂尔多斯盆地中深部矿井冲击危险性分区评价[J].采矿与岩层控制工程学报,2023,5(04):44-53.
[8] 王东杰,王冰,朱刚亮.深部矿井分源立体防冲击地压技术实践[J].陕西煤炭,2023,42(02):72-76.