Evaluation and analysis of surface water quality at various monitoring stations in Hangzhou
杭州市各监测站点地表水质评价及分析

摘要

随着工业的发展和城市人口的快速增长，对地表水造成严重污染的同时也更依赖地表水资源。因此，全国各地相继开发了地表水在线监测系统，实时监测地表水水质。本文选择杭州市作为研究对象，构建水质模糊综合评价模型，使用杭州市12个监测站点2022年6月份实时监测数据进行评价和分析。结果显示，大部分地区水质情况良好，但是西溪湿地和三义村附近的水质情况仍处于劣Ⅴ类，亟须改善。这两个地区都是自然-人工复合景点内的水环境问题，是由于水中溶解氧含量过低，以及水体过度富营养化导致的。建议通过提高水体流动性，防止植物物种入侵以及过度生长进行改善和预防。

Abstract

The development of industry and the rapid growth of the urban population create serious surface water pollution, simultaneously relying on surface water resources more than before. Therefore, online surface water monitoring systems have been developed throughout the country to monitor surface water quality in real-time. In this study, establish a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the entropy weight method (FCE-EW), and the real-time monitoring data of 12 stations in Hangzhou in Jun 2022 were used for evaluation and data analysis. The results show that most stations’ water quality is good except for Xixi wetland station and Sanyi Village station. Both are still in poor V class and need to be improved urgently. These two stations are in the nature-man-made composite sceneries and have similar pollution types. They are caused by much lower dissolved oxygen levels in the water and excessive eutrophication of the water. It is suggested to refine and prevent the water quality through two methods: to improve the water flow rate and avoid the invasion of plant species and overgrowth.